The motivation for the 44 Bore modification appears to stem from Pakistani gun laws. The bulging around the fired 7.62 x 39 casing, in addition to an extra shoulder, is very evident here. Left to right: 7.92 x 33 cartridge, 7.92 x 33 fired case, 7.62 x 39 fired case, 7.62 x 39 cartridge. In addition to a double shoulder, a 7.62 x 39 case fired in a Pakistani 44 Bore rifle, as in the photo below, will expand all around the body of the case because of the larger diameter of the 7.92 mm chamber. Both rounds headspace on the rim, but 7.62 x 54R ammo fired in such a reamed chamber will exhibit a double shoulder. The conversion requires running a 7.62 x 54R reamer into a. 311 bore diameter, and both use rimmed cases. 303 round, 7.62 x 54R was attractive since both cartridges use. For some owners of Bren and Vickers guns, investigating a way to use cheap and available surplus ammunition instead of the much more scarce and expensive. 303 barrels to accept the 7.62 x 54R mm cartridge. Perhaps the closest to this type of rechambering in Western use is a relatively similar technique used to rechamber. This is unlikely to be considered as “safe practice” by many experienced shooters in other countries. The rear end of the chamber remains larger than the 7.62 x 39 case – 11.95 mm vs 11.3 mm – but the case head is held in place by the bolt face. The chambers are reamed to accept the 7.92 x 33 cartridge, which is short enough that doing so still leaves enough intact material around the case mouth for the chamber to adequately headspace a 7.62 x 39 cartridge. This increases pressures, but not so much as to create a critical problem (though it is likely to cause headspacing issues in the weapons over time). The bore diameter is left unchanged – 7.92 mm projectiles are simply squeezed down to 7.62 mm upon firing. Naming origins aside, what makes these rechambered AK type rifles interesting is that they are able to chamber and fire both the standard 7.62 x 39 mm cartridge as well as the 7.92 x 33. However, the name appears to result from either the designation of the Nazi German Sturmgewehr 44 rifle (‘StG 44’), one of the weapons which originally chambered the 7.92 x 33 cartridge, or from British 7.62 x 51 mm cartridge cases bearing the “L44A2” headstamp which were commonly reformed into 7.92 x 33 dimensions. According to Muhammad Yasin of the Punjab Forensic Science Agency, the Pathan tribes claim the cartridge as an indigenous development. How this cartridge came to be popular in the tribal areas of Pakistan is something of a mystery. This is the “44 Bore” rifle, a colloquial name given to AK type rifles rechambered for the German 7.92 x 33 mm Kurz (sometimes referred to as 8 x 33 mm) cartridge in Pakistan. The rifle above is a curious example of weapons coming full-circle and being reinvented.